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Commit 5f419f41 authored by Alfin Johny's avatar Alfin Johny
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Fix documentation issues in propulsion design

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...@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ Designing the propulsion with this tool includes different engineering disciplin ...@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ Designing the propulsion with this tool includes different engineering disciplin
- [Mass analyzer](#massanalyzer): calculates the mass properties (center of gravity, mass, and inertia) of engine, nacelle, and pylon. - [Mass analyzer](#massanalyzer): calculates the mass properties (center of gravity, mass, and inertia) of engine, nacelle, and pylon.
For these five disciplines, you can choose different **methods** (or fidelities) of calculating their output. Here is an overview of the current implemented methods (details see sections): For these five disciplines, you can choose different **methods** (or fidelities) of calculating their output. Here is an overview of the current implemented methods (details see sections):
| Discipline | Methods | | Discipline | Methods |
|---------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------| |---------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------|
|Engine designer | *Rubber* (*Empirical* and *PropulsionSystem* are in preparation) | |Engine designer | *Rubber* (*Empirical* and *PropulsionSystem* are in preparation) |
...@@ -18,9 +19,9 @@ For these five disciplines, you can choose different **methods** (or fidelities) ...@@ -18,9 +19,9 @@ For these five disciplines, you can choose different **methods** (or fidelities)
|Pylon designer | *Default* | |Pylon designer | *Default* |
|Mass analyzer | *Default* | |Mass analyzer | *Default* |
If you want to learn more about how to configure methods or generally the settings and outputs, go to the [getting started](getting_started.md). If you want to learn more about how to configure methods or generally the settings and outputs, go to the [getting started](getting-started.md).
@important These disciplines are executed sequentially for EACH engine. That means that the engines are not aware of each other within the designing and analyzing. More information, see the [software architecture](software_architecture.md) section. ***important*** These disciplines are executed sequentially for EACH engine. That means that the engines are not aware of each other within the designing and analyzing. More information, see the [software architecture](software_architecture.md) section.
## Engine designer {#enginedesigner} ## Engine designer {#enginedesigner}
...@@ -37,13 +38,13 @@ The _dataset_ (also called _EngineXML_) includes parameter which are independent ...@@ -37,13 +38,13 @@ The _dataset_ (also called _EngineXML_) includes parameter which are independent
The three-dimensional _engine deck_ contain engine performance data for different values of altitude $h$, Mach number $Ma$ and low-pressure engine spool speed $N1$. The most important performance parameter are thrust and fuel/energy flow. In UNICADO, the deck is split into multiple CSV files. The figure shows an example with values for thrust in kilo newton. The first block contains data for $N1=1$ for $Ma=0...0.9$ and $h=0...14000$. The second block below is for $N1=0.95$. The three-dimensional _engine deck_ contain engine performance data for different values of altitude $h$, Mach number $Ma$ and low-pressure engine spool speed $N1$. The most important performance parameter are thrust and fuel/energy flow. In UNICADO, the deck is split into multiple CSV files. The figure shows an example with values for thrust in kilo newton. The first block contains data for $N1=1$ for $Ma=0...0.9$ and $h=0...14000$. The second block below is for $N1=0.95$.
![](figures/deck_example_thrust.svg) ![](figures/deck_example_thrust.svg)
!!! note
Detailed information on required dataset and deck data will be updated in near future. > Detailed information on required dataset and deck data will be updated in near future.
The _scale factor_ is necessary because (as conceptual aircraft designer), we use the concept of a so-called _rubber engine_. That means that (depending on the method, see later) we create or assume an engine deck and provide one _scale factor_ to obtain all engine data acc. to the required thrust the engine shall provide. The figure visualized the concept: The _scale factor_ is necessary because (as conceptual aircraft designer), we use the concept of a so-called _rubber engine_. That means that (depending on the method, see later) we create or assume an engine deck and provide one _scale factor_ to obtain all engine data acc. to the required thrust the engine shall provide. The figure visualized the concept:
![](figures/scale_factor.svg) ![](figures/scale_factor.svg)
@attention → **As mentioned and highlighted in the figure**, there is ONE _scale factor_ **BUT** multiple exponents which differ depending on which property you want to use. E.g. for the diameter, the exponent is $0.5$ and for the mass its $0.4$. **So important to remember** that whenever you want to use engine data, you need to access it via the `engine` library. In the following, a brief explanation of the scaling concept will be given - however details are given in the library documentation. ***attention*** → **As mentioned and highlighted in the figure**, there is ONE _scale factor_ **BUT** multiple exponents which differ depending on which property you want to use. E.g. for the diameter, the exponent is $0.5$ and for the mass its $0.4$. **So important to remember** that whenever you want to use engine data, you need to access it via the `engine` library. In the following, a brief explanation of the scaling concept will be given - however details are given in the library documentation.
So, the scaling is based on continuity principle assuming that the operating condition is constant (commonly known station numbering; assuming no pressure drop). So, the scaling is based on continuity principle assuming that the operating condition is constant (commonly known station numbering; assuming no pressure drop).
...@@ -61,8 +62,8 @@ An exemplary simplified calculation (data from the V2527-A5): the current engine ...@@ -61,8 +62,8 @@ An exemplary simplified calculation (data from the V2527-A5): the current engine
So, again, always access the engine data via the `engine` library to ensure that you have the correctly scaled data 🙂 So, again, always access the engine data via the `engine` library to ensure that you have the correctly scaled data 🙂
!!! note
Actually, the sea level static thrust is not at $N1=1$ if you compare the dataset for this engine (for 110.31kN around $N1=0.95$). So the scaling factor will be slightly lower. > Actually, the sea level static thrust is not at $N1=1$ if you compare the dataset for this engine (for 110.31kN around $N1=0.95$). So the scaling factor will be slightly lower.
### Methods description ### Methods description
The **engine designer** includes different methods which create/use this deck in various ways. The **engine designer** includes different methods which create/use this deck in various ways.
...@@ -71,8 +72,8 @@ The **engine designer** includes different methods which create/use this deck in ...@@ -71,8 +72,8 @@ The **engine designer** includes different methods which create/use this deck in
- *rubber*: (most common approach) based on an existing deck (usually created with GasTurb), the deck is "rubberized" - *rubber*: (most common approach) based on an existing deck (usually created with GasTurb), the deck is "rubberized"
- *propulsionsystem*: with the help of the library `propulsionsystem`, different architecture can be defined and a deck created (for more information see documentation of the library) - *propulsionsystem*: with the help of the library `propulsionsystem`, different architecture can be defined and a deck created (for more information see documentation of the library)
!!! note
*empirical* and *propulsionsystem* is in preparation - not implemented yet! > *empirical* and *propulsionsystem* is in preparation - not implemented yet!
For all these methods, the approach of using the _scale factor_ is the same (see explaination [here](#generalprinciples)). A deck is either first created or assumed and then data is drawn with the `engine` library with the scaling approach. For all these methods, the approach of using the _scale factor_ is the same (see explaination [here](#generalprinciples)). A deck is either first created or assumed and then data is drawn with the `engine` library with the scaling approach.
...@@ -89,6 +90,7 @@ Here, currently only one method is implemented: ...@@ -89,6 +90,7 @@ Here, currently only one method is implemented:
- *default* is based on a thesis of RWTH Aachen \cite{Ata10} - *default* is based on a thesis of RWTH Aachen \cite{Ata10}
This method includes multiple empirical functions for different propulsion integration. These are the options that are currently implemented: This method includes multiple empirical functions for different propulsion integration. These are the options that are currently implemented:
| Parent | Lateral | Longitudinal | Vertical | | Parent | Lateral | Longitudinal | Vertical |
|-----------|---------|--------------|----------| |-----------|---------|--------------|----------|
| Wing | Right | Front | Under | | Wing | Right | Front | Under |
...@@ -118,8 +120,8 @@ In the current implemented method, there is no differentiation between short and ...@@ -118,8 +120,8 @@ In the current implemented method, there is no differentiation between short and
Keep in mind that the library defines a surface without a thickness. For more information, it is referred to the library. Keep in mind that the library defines a surface without a thickness. For more information, it is referred to the library.
!!!note
The implementation include currently Turbofan Kerosene only > The implementation include currently Turbofan Kerosene only
## Pylon designer {#pylondesigner} ## Pylon designer {#pylondesigner}
The pylon is the structural component to connect the engine to the aircraft. The pylon is the structural component to connect the engine to the aircraft.
...@@ -135,8 +137,8 @@ In the current method, the mounting is attached to the beginning to the nacelle ...@@ -135,8 +137,8 @@ In the current method, the mounting is attached to the beginning to the nacelle
![Engine Mount](figures/engine_mount.svg) ![Engine Mount](figures/engine_mount.svg)
!!!note
the implementation include currently Turbofan Kerosene only > the implementation include currently Turbofan Kerosene only
## Mass analyzer {#massanalyzer} ## Mass analyzer {#massanalyzer}
Lastly, the mass properties for engine, nacelle and pylon are calculated separate for center of gravity, mass and inertia. Lastly, the mass properties for engine, nacelle and pylon are calculated separate for center of gravity, mass and inertia.
...@@ -155,6 +157,6 @@ Here, only one method is implemented: ...@@ -155,6 +157,6 @@ Here, only one method is implemented:
- mass: empirical estimation - mass: empirical estimation
- inertia: wrt. CG with `aircraftGeometry2`lib - inertia: wrt. CG with `aircraftGeometry2`lib
!!!note
the implementation include currently Turbofan Kerosene only > the implementation include currently Turbofan Kerosene only
...@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ This tool is exciting!🔥 because the propulsion is THE critical component prov ...@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ This tool is exciting!🔥 because the propulsion is THE critical component prov
To give you a general taste, here are a few illustrations of possible concepts. To give you a general taste, here are a few illustrations of possible concepts.
![](figures/different_engines.svg) ![](figures/different_engines.svg)
The [getting started](getting_started.md) gives you a first insight in how to execute the tool and how it generally works. To understand how the tools works in detail, the documentation is split into a [engineering principles](engineering_principles.md) and a [software architecture](software_architecture.md) section. The [getting started](getting-started.md) gives you a first insight in how to execute the tool and how it generally works. To understand how the tools works in detail, the documentation is split into a [engineering principles](engineering_principles.md) and a [software architecture](software_architecture.md) section.
Prior to that, let's summarize what the tool can currently do and what is planned (terms like _method_ or _strategy_ will be explained in the sections): Prior to that, let's summarize what the tool can currently do and what is planned (terms like _method_ or _strategy_ will be explained in the sections):
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...@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ hide: ...@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ hide:
Learn how to set it up & install the prerequisites. Learn how to set it up & install the prerequisites.
[:octicons-arrow-right-24: Download](download/getting_started.md) [:octicons-arrow-right-24: Download](download/getting-started.md)
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