diff --git a/main.tex b/main.tex index a19f9a3b2a341461a2883521cb91be757776d377..74471c734539d9ed6e8ee33fac53a534e31185ca 100644 --- a/main.tex +++ b/main.tex @@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ The allowed combinations can be obtained by a careful symmetry analysis. % $E_1$ & $[\hat{\mathbf{d}}_x, \hat{\mathbf{d}}_y]$ \\ \hline % \end{tabular} % \caption{ -% \captiontitle{Two spin basis functions of the irreducible +% \captiontitle{two-spin basis functions of the irreducible % representations of \texorpdfstring{$C_{6v}$}{C6v}.} The basis % functions are naturally expressed in terms of the $d$-vector terminology % developed for to describe superconducting pairing. @@ -348,51 +348,57 @@ The allowed combinations can be obtained by a careful symmetry analysis. % e^{-i \bvec a_2 \cdot \bvec k}) % \end{equation} -\todo{This needs more work} - As mentioned above, when analysing the results of the FRG flow, we classify the -superconducting instability that diverges in -our flow by its symmetry behaviour\,\cite{sigrist1987}. The divergent eigenstate -will belong to one of the irreducible representations, or irreps, of the point -symmetry group of the lattice. This is easiest done in systems where the $SU(2)$ -symmetry of the spins remains preserved, as we may then ignore the symmetric spin -degree of freedom of our eigenstate, and the irrep of the entire state can be fully -understood by symmetry of the momentum space pairing. For example, the triangular -lattice has a point symmetry group $C_{6v}$, and the irrep breakdown of superconducting -states can be classified by matching the momentum space pairing with one of the -spatial irrep. A breakdown of these momentum space irreps shown in Table -\ref{tab:mom-irreps} . - -When the $SU(2)$ symmetry of the spins is broken by spin-oribtal coupling, -the representation of the transformation behaviour of the spins under symmetry -group actions can no longer be ignored\,\cite{kaba2019}. Instead, we aim to build -an irrep basis by understanding both the momentum and the two spins of our -superconducting states transform under the group symmetry actions, both shown in -Tables \ref{tab:mom-irreps} \& \ref{tab:spin-irreps}. The details on how the two -spin irrep basis functions were calculated can be found in Appendix\,\ref{app:spin-irreps}. - -The overall basis function irreps can be constructed from the tensor product of -the two spin and momentum irreps. We only take those products which give us physical +divergent superconducting instability by its symmetry behaviour\,\cite{sigrist1987}. +\todo{better citation for symmetry analysis in FRG?} +The divergent eigenstate will belong to one of the irreducible representations, +or irreps, of the point symmetry group of the lattice. +This is easiest done in systems where the $SU(2)$ symmetry of the spins remains preserved, +as we may then ignore the symmetric spin degree of freedom of our eigenstate, +and the irrep of the entire state can be fully understood by symmetry of the +spatial pairing, \textit{i.e.} by analysing the symmetry of the real space bond +order or the momentum space pairing. +For example, the triangular lattice has a point symmetry group $C_{6v}$, and the +irrep breakdown of superconducting +states can be classified by matching the spatial pairing with one of the +spatial irrep basis functions. A breakdown of these functions shown in the +first coloumn of Table \ref{tab:mom-irreps} . + +When the $SU(2)$ symmetry of the spins is broken by the introduction of +spin-oribtal coupling, the transformation behaviour of +the spins under symmetry group actions can no longer be ignored\,\cite{kaba2019}. +Instead, we aim to build an irrep basis by understanding the symmetry of the +spatial component of our state in combination with the two spins of our +superconducting states, \textit{i.e.} how the whole state transforms under +group symmetry actions. + +To construct the irrep basis functions for the overall states, we first consider +how just the two spins transform under the point symmetry group $C_{6v}$. The details on how +the two-spin irrep basis functions were calculated can be found in +Appendix\,\ref{app:spin-irreps}, and the functions themselves are listed in the +second column of Table \ref{tab:mom-irreps} . + +The overall basis function irreps can then be constructed from the tensor product of +the two-spin and spatial irreps. We only take those products which give us physical states, \textit{i.e.} those which are antisymmetric under exchange of all quantum indices. -For example, $E_2 \otimes E_1$ would describe even-momentum spin-triplet states, which -are not physical. Out of all but one of the possible physical products, at -least one of the two irreps going into the tensor product is one-dimensional, +For example, $E_2 \otimes E_1$ would describe spatially even ($d$-wave) +spin-triplet states, which are not physical. +For all but one of the possible physical products, at least one of the two +irreps going into the tensor product is one-dimensional, meaning we can simply multiply the group characters of the two intial irreps, and the resulting set of characters will tell us what the resulting irrep is. -The one special case of $E_1 \otimes E_1$ requires a further decomposition. +The one special case, $\sym E 1 \otimes \sym E 1$, requires a further decomposition. This can be done by either forming irrep projection operators for the total representation, as described in Appendix \ref{app:spin-irreps}, or by a group theoretic calculation exploiting the orthogonality of the group characters \todo{source?}. The results is the following decomponsition: \begin{equation} - E_1 \otimes E_1 = A_1 \oplus B_2 \oplus E_2 \, . + \sym E 1 \otimes \sym E 1 = \sym A 1 \oplus \sym B 2 \oplus \sym E 2 \, . \end{equation} All of the basis functions of the combined spin-momentum system are given in Table \ref{tab:total-irreps}. - - \begin{table} \centering \begin{tabular}{cccc} \toprule @@ -419,6 +425,7 @@ All of the basis functions of the combined spin-momentum system are given in Tab \label{tab:total-irreps} \end{table} + \section{Results for the nearest-neighbor model} \label{sec:nn_results}